Hofstadter’s Six Dimensions

Hofstadter’s Six Dimensions

Summary

Greet Hofstadter who makes inquiries how people from different countries and cultures relate created on six different types of cultural dimensions. There are:

1-Power distance (PDI): This dimension returns the imports of power inequality and authority relations in society. It powers hierarchy and requirement relationships in the family and organizational contexts. For example, In China people have highest power distance but, in Australia people less power distance.

2- Individualism and collectivism (IDV): Defines the relationships individuals have in each culture. In individualistic societies, individuals look after themselves and their immediate family only but in collectivism cultures, individuals belong to groups that look after them in conversation for faithfulness. For instance, In Canada people prefer live in individual more than in collectivism but, in Russia prefer to live in collectivism more than in individual.

3- Uncertainty avoidance (UAI): It shows to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured conditions are unique, unknown, surprising and different from usual.For example, United States has approximately 62% but, Guatemala has around 37%.

4- Masculinity vs. femininity (MAS):.In some society women’s values differ less among societies than men’s values. In the masculine countries they are more emphatic and more competitive, then but not as much as the men, so that these countries show a gap between men’s values and women’s values. Like in Chinese society has 33% Masculinity but in Russia has highest Masculinity around 95%

5- Long term orientation vs. short term orientation ( LTO): Some countries have Long- term oriented societies stand-in reasonable benefits oriented towards future rewards, in certain saving, persistence, and conform to altering circumstances .But others countries have Short-term oriented societies foster virtues related to the past and present such as national pride, respect for tradition, and fulfilling social duties. For one thing, In South Korea everybody Favor long- term orientation more than short term orientation

6- Indulgence vs. restraint (IND): The behavior or attitude of people who allow them to do what they want or who allow other people to do what they want. Specifically in United States and Canada they want to do what they want to do.